What are molecular profiles in breast cancer and how are they used?

Molecular profiles in breast cancer are analyses that help understand the genetic and biological characteristics of tumors. By examining the expression of certain genes in cancer cells, these profiles allow cancer to be classified into different subtypes, which is key to appropriate treatment.

What are molecular profiles used for?

1. Cancer classification: They help classify breast cancer into subtypes, such as those that are hormone receptor-positive, HER2-positive, or triple-negative. This classification is essential to understand how the cancer will behave and what treatment might be most effective.

2. Treatment personalization: With information from molecular profiles, doctors can choose specific treatments, such as hormones, chemotherapy, or targeted therapies, based on the unique characteristics of each tumor.

3. Prognosis: They provide information about the likelihood of the cancer returning and how aggressive it might be. This helps patients better understand their situation and the options they have.

4. Researching new therapies: They contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets and the development of experimental treatments that may be more effective.

How do radiation oncologists use it in their clinical practice?

Radiation oncologists use molecular profiles in several ways:

• Treatment planning: They use the results to design more personalized radiation therapy plans, tailoring treatment to make it more effective and reduce side effects.

• Determining the need for radiation therapy: Sometimes, molecular profiles can help decide whether a patient needs radiation therapy after surgery. In certain low-risk cases, they might opt ​​for a less aggressive approach.

• Monitoring response to treatment: These profiles allow them to evaluate whether the treatment is working and make adjustments if necessary.

• Selecting patients for clinical trials: Profiles help identify patients who might benefit from experimental treatments that fit their specific profile.

Molecular profiles are useful tools that help physicians personalize and improve breast cancer treatment, allowing patients to receive the care best suited to their needs. Understanding these aspects can empower patients and their families on their road to recovery.